Tool holder and tool



June 12, 1923.

G. W. BUFFORD TOOL HOLDER AND TOOL June 12, 1923.

G. W. BUFFORD TOOL HOLDER AND TOOL Filed Aug. 2, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 figia By 1]. my]; [by];

Fgi.

By A #0712 @3 5, M

v PatentedZlune- 12. 1923.

"UNITED STATES v 1,458,802 PATENT OFFICE.

amass w. human, or nurrimmnnw Yonx, assrenon To .1. n. mums & co., or nnooxmrm mwzonx, A oonrona'rron or new Yoax.

moor. HOLDER am) noon.

Application filed August 2, 191a. Serial so. 814,983.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonon W. Bnrronn, a citizen of the United States of America residin in Buffalo, Erie County, State of .5 New ork, have'invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tool Holders and Tools, of which the following is" a description. a

This invention relates to certain improvements in tool holders and tools of the type generally used with lathes, lan'ers and. other similar metal working mac ines.

It has heretofore been proposed to provide a tool holder having a substantially 16 horizontal tool rest in combination with a headed tool rovided with a shank, the rear face of the ead bearing against an abutment formed on the tool holder and a locking means engaging such rear face to clamp the tool holder in position. In such con- 'structions, however, the use 0i any special tool has been limited and such diversity of use as has been possible has been secured "onlyiby a change in the position of the tool holder in the tool post. 1 I According to the present invention, I provide a tool and tool holder which has a very wide range of use to which the tool can be conveniently adjusted without adjustment of theholder. The invention also provides numerous other improyements which will be hereinafter more full described.

According to the ra'wingswhich' illustrate several forms of the invention,

Figure I is a side elevation of the tool holder and tool, parts being broken away.

Fig. 2' a cross-sectional view .of the head of" the tool holder and the tool of Fig 1.

e ig. 8 is a plan of part of Fig. 1.

, Fig. 4 is asection on the line" 4-4,; Fig. 1. 1 5 is an elevation of the holder with another form of tool.

Fig.6is a plan of thetool shown in Fig. 5. .Fig. 7 is a side elevation of 6. Fig. 8 is a front elevation of ig. 6.

Fig. 9-is a plan of "another form of tool.

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of Fig. 9. l Figs. 11 to 15' are more or'less diagrammatic views illustrating some of the-various uses of the invention when rovided with a tool of the form of Figs. 6,2 and 8.

Figs'lfifto 20 are similar views showing the tool of Figs. lto 3.;

angular position. wit

21, 22, 23 are similar views showing 65 ap lications of the tool of Figs. 9 and 10. eferring first to Figs. 1 to 4, let A indicate the tool holder which has the customary shank B. It is provided with a head C, the upper face D of which is formed preferably as a plane surface. In the upper face is a socket E, which is desi ed to receive the shank F of the tool G. The tool G is formed with a head H which constitutes the cuttingI memberand the under side of the head is formed with a plane surface I, which rests upon the surface D of the tool holder. These meeting surfaces con-. stitute bearing or supporting faces, and while it is not essential that they be flat, the two surfaces should be so shaped as to can'- form to each other.

According to the preferred form of the invention, the shank F of the tool is made cylindrical and the socket E of the tool 75 holder has a similar sha e. These parts might be slightly tapere but by reference they are truly cylindrical. s t also some of the advantages of the invention may be secured by makingthe shank and socket of polygonal form, such as octagonal, but it is'preferred that they be round in cross section. a

The tool is'clamped in place by a cam J which preferably runs crosswise of thetooi holder and is provided with a head K, by means of which it may be tightened by a wrench. The cam face L is cut' into the periphery of the shank'M of the cam, and is-best made so that when the cam is retated to tighten the tool, it moves on the shank in a downward direction. This not only tightly binds the tool in thesocket,

but tends to draw it downwardly to some extent. By directl acting upon the shank of a headed tool '0 this type, I have found that the .tool may-be ti htly clamped in any reference to the tool holder and is capable of use in all ordinary work without loosening or chattering. It will be observed that the plane face Dis of suflicient area to permit a complete rotation of the tool, or its adjustment in any angular position, or is at least sufliciently[broad to meet any of the requirements as to angularity' which are desired to fit the tool for the particular-practice de- I hand side tool.

'and'then tightening the cam.

The construction just described enables me to perform a very wide variety ofwork, which is not possible in the constructions heretofore known.

In the diagrammatic views, Figs. 11 to 15,v I have 'illustratedsome of the various operations which can be performed by a straightsided tool, such as 1s shown at P, F igs. 5 to 8. In this type of tool, which usually has a very limited function in'ordinar structures, there is a single cutting edge Fig. 11 illustrates the use of the tool as a left Fig. 12 shows the tool in use as a left hand diamond point tool. Fig. 13 illustrates the use of the tool as a flat nose or dressing tool. Fig. 14 shows the use of the tobl as a right hand side tool with the holder held diagonally in the tool post. Fig. 15 shows the ordina use of the tool as a ri ht hand side too. It will be understoo that these uses are merely illustrative of numerous uses which can be made, such as for threading and other purposes with which the workman" skilled in the art will be familiar.

The invention also comprises an im rovedform of tool, which is illustrated in 'igs. 9 .and 10. This may be described as a double ,life cutter having cutting edges 0 and O? which are staggered somewhat with relation to each other and which are capable of individual use. 'Ad'ustments may be made from one to the ot er while the tool is still in the holder. In Figs. 21, 22 and 23 I have illustrated the use ofthis tool-as adjusted for operation as a right hand side tool, left hand side tool and diamond point tool, respectively.

The preferred form oftool Is that illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 which has cutt ng edges 0 and 0*. Instead of these cuttlng edgesbeing staggered as in Figs. 9 and 10, they are opposite each other, the tool n plan bein generally of square design as best shown in 1g. 3. In Figs. 16 to 20 I have illustrated some of the uses of this tool, Fig. .16 illustrating its use as a diamond point tool, Fig. 17 as a right hand side tool, Fig. 18 as a flat nose tool, Fig. 19 as a diamond point tool and Fig". 20 as a similarly operating tool with the operating tool holder adjusted angularly in the tool post.

It will be understood in connection with the tool of Figsal to 4 that this tool practically has a'quadruple life, since its four corners constitute 'each an' independent cutter. It will be understood in connection with the tools shown in Figs. 1 to 4:, 5, 9 and 10 that aaaaaoa the prjoper clearance space is arranged be tween the two sides of the tool,-as shown at R, and in the case'of Figs. 1-. to-3 side'clearance spaces T are also provided. This not, v

only permits of the learance of the metal, but permits grinding of the faces to tlie. proper angle. J

1 It will be seen that by my invention I se-v cure a construction which provides in a single tooliand-holder great flexibility of operation, thus enabling a single tool of the ordinary type to serve the purpose of from two to five special tools which would otherwise be necessary. Any given angle .in the.

rious other advantages are obtained. Thus, in construction there 1s a great saving 1n cost,

as compared with the manufacture of v two tools, while in use and 'durabilitythe length oflife is substantially the same, or -to put the matter differently, a single tool of the preferred construction has a double'life as comparedwi th the tools now inuse.

Furthermore, in the operationof grind ing, the tool, a single grinding operation will dress or sharpen both cutting surfaces so that the expense of maintenance is decreased.

-As to each of the constructions herein de scribed, itrwill be understood that the multi-. ple adjustment feature may be utilized to give a variation'of rakes whichare not possible witha tool having a single definite position. p

While I have shown and described several forms of the invention, it will be understood that I do not wish to be limited thereto as various 'changes may be made therein without departing from the invention.

What I claim is 1. The combination of a tool holderiand tool, the tool having a head anda shank, and the tool holder having a socket for receiving the shank, the socket and shank shaped to permit multiple angular adjustments of the head with relation to the" tool holder, and means engaging the shank for clamping the tool in the holder.

2. The combination'ofia tool holder and tool, the tool having a head and a shank, and the tool holder having a socket for receiving the shank, the socket and shank shaped to permit multiple angular adjustments of the head with relation to the tool holder, and rotary means engaging the shank for clamping the tool in the holder, said means acting against the shank in a down ward and ,forward"direction, whereby to clamp the shankand to seat the head firmly against the tool holder.

3. The combination of a tool holder and tool, the tool having a head and a shank, andthe tool holder having a socket for receiving the shank, the socket and shank being circular, whereby the tool is capable of angular adjustments in the socket, and

means engaging the shank for holding the tool in place.

4. The combination of a tool holder and tool, the tool having a head and a shank, and the tool holder having a socket for receiving the shank, the s et and shank being circular, whereby the tool is capable of angular adjustments in the socket, and rotary means engaging the shank for holding the tool in place, said means clamping the shank forwardly and downwardly to seat the head upon the holder.

5. The combination of a tool holder and tool, the tool having a head and a shank, and the tool holder having-a socket for receiving the shank, the socket and shank being circular, whereby the tool is capable of angular adjustments in the socket, and means engaging the shank for holding the tool in place, said means comprising a cam arranged transversely of the shank, and the operating faceof the cam moving downwardly to clamp the shank.

6. The combination of a tool holder and tool, the tool havin a head and a shank, and the tool holder aving a socket for receiving the shank, the socket and shank being formed to permit insertion in the tool holder in a plurality of positions, and the tool having a plurality of working. faces.

7. The combination of a tool holder and tool, the tool having a head and' a shank, and the tool holder having a socket for receiving the shank, the socket and shank being formed to permit insertion in the tool holder in a plurality of positions, and the tool having a plurality of working faces, and rotary means for clamping the tool in position to bring such working faces into operation.

8. The combination of a tool holder and tool, the tool having a head and a shank, and the tool holder having a socket for receiving the shank, the socket and shank being shaped to permit angular movement of the tool and tool holder, and means for clamping the shank of the tool, and said tool holder ,having a top bearing face designed to engage the lower bearing face of the tool head and being free from obstructions to angular adjustment of the tool head thereon.

9. A tool of the character described having a cylindrical -shank and a plurality of working faces spaced apart from each other at one end of the shank. 10. Atool of the character described havmg a cylindrical shank and a plurality of working faces spaced apart from each other on different sides of the tool at one end of the shank. 11. A tool of the character described hav- 1ng a plurality of straight working faces with intervening clearance at the top and having side clearance spaces and'a shank.

12. A tool of the character described, said tool being square in plan, and having oppositely arranged straight cutting edges, the four corners of which are adapted to act as dlamond point tools, and the tool being recessed across the top between said cutting faces.

' 13. The combination of a tool holder comprising a shank and a tool socket the axis of said socket lying substantially in the vertical plane of the longitudinal axis of the shank and forming substantially a right angle with the said shank axis, a toolin said socket capable of various angular adjustments with respect thereto andmeans for clamping the tool in said socket, positioned substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axes of both the shank and the too 14. The combination of a tool holder comprising a shank and a tool socket the axis of said socket lying substantially in the vertical plane of the longitudinal axis of the shank and forming substantially a right angle with the said shank axis, a tool in said socket capable of various angular adjustments with respect thereto and rotary means for clamping the tool in said socket, positioned substantially at right angles to'the longitudinal axes of both the shank and the too 15. The combination of a tool holder comprising a shank and a tool socket the axis of said socket lying substantially in the vertical plane of the longitudinal axis of the shank and forming substantially a rightangle with the said shank axis. a tool in saidsocket capable of various angular adj ustments with respect thereto and means comprising a cam surface, for clamping the tool in said socket, positioned substantially at 

